Yet more N3 guff..

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MrVibrating
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Post by MrVibrating »

Grimer wrote:
MrVibrating wrote:Pendulums: use them as reaction mass, and they swing up to some apex, then turn around and come right back at you.

Useless for a linearly-accelerated mass, because you end up flying away from the pendulum. One shot deal.

But not if we're accelerating a vertical wheel, sharing the same axle as the pendulum.
...
What about using the earth as a reaction mass and don't share the same axis?
Not sure i follow - certainly you can push off from the earth, but only the once.. you can't take it with you to keep pushing against later on..

The whole point here is that normally, to use something as reaction mass implies its speed and thus distance, relative to you, is going to increase... so if you want to keep pushing against it, the energy cost per successive units of acceleration is going to escalate as the square of your rising relative velocity; or to put it the other way, the amount of acceleration each additional Joule of energy will buy is constantly diminishing... and by colossal amounts.

As you start out, the first Joule you spend will buy you 2 meters / sec per kg, but thereafter, as your velocity rises, you'll get less and less acceleration per Joule, until eventually you won't even be able to detect any change..

The difference with a pendulum and rotor is that their relative velocity is a function of time; all else being equal (inertias in particular), from either one's point of view, sometimes the other mass is moving, but sometimes it's stationary.

This, regardless of the net system's speed and energy.

If that condition can be maintained as net velocity increases, then output energy evolves normally via the usual relationship (half the moment of inertia times the RPM squared), while input energy remains a fixed function of the lower relative velocity change between the two masses.

So whether the net system is rocking gently at 30 CPS or smoking its bearings at 500 RPM, so long as the energy is input while the two masses are stationary relative to one another, as far as they're concerned their relative KE is a small constant oscillation.

It's a naff analogy, but the exploit here is to try to scam the special introductory one-time-only offer by re-joining the back of the queue in a ropey disguise. The masses are always stationary relative to each other, so we get the same, maximal bang for our buck, even though the net speed is increasing to an energy value fifty times greater than what we've input.

A stator would be bound to Earth. Pushing against a stator is pushing against the Earth. Bessler's wheels were statorless. Whether Bessler's exploit had anything to do with pendulums or N3, we can only guess. But pushing against any kind of stator is going to incur the very same 50-fold escalation of input energy that i'm trying to circumvent here. No-stators is the whole point. They're just a rip off.

KE=1/2MV^2... basically compound interest on velocity. But as everyone should be able to see by now, the only practical measure enforcing this rate of return is Newton's 3rd law.

If N3 can be outfoxed, then KE can also be equal to P, as in MV. If the internal displacment isn't increasing per cycle, then neither is its cost. But externally, 1/2MV^2 still holds, and any disunity is fair game.

Said it before, will say it again (and expect to have to keep doing so) - none of this is going to make any sense until the reader works out for themselves why mechanical conservation of energy depends upon Newton's 3rd law; i'm not suggesting it exclusively relies on it - obviously the regular field symmetries are just as important in their roles. But then again we've been throwing everything we've got at them since forever and made nary a dent. Whereas, the role of N3 in enforcing CoE tends to receive much less attention.

Which is a shame, as it just might be the Achilles heel we've all been looking for.

So to anyone not quite following yet, take a step back, suppose for a moment you can freely switch a mass's inertia on and off at will... How would you go about generating free energy from that? There's no need to post an answer here, but you should reach an "aha!" moment. The trick is to repeat it several times - it begins as a non-zero net momentum, which in turn accumulates additively with successive interactions. You will then see that only the internal displacements are paid for - the rising acceleration of the net system is free, to the extent that 1 unit of energy internally can be worth five or fifty externally - depending only on the magnitude of the internal / external velocity difference.

But real N3 breaks are impossible, because of mass constancy.

So what i'm trying to do is come up with simple mechanical systems which simulate the same end-result as an N3 break, without actually having one. Whether or not Nature can detect such brazen fraudulence remains to be seen.. but CoE only applies instantaneously - it can't know, care, nor change anything about the future or past, and likewise if two masses are stationary relative to eachother then their speed relative to anything else is wholly irrelevant to their cost of mutual acceleration.

There's no question that linear N3 breaks can be leveraged to create energy. The only question here is whether a virtual one in a rotating system is sufficiently equivalent.

All current forms of motor depend upon the Earth as reaction mass, from your car to your blender. But Bessler's wheels were visibly statorless, and he denied hiding any internally - insisting that, on the contrary, in a true PM, everything must, of necessity, go around together.

Judge for youself... he said stators were non-starters (and likewise, juggling weights); ergo stators = reaction mass = N3 = bad...

The prime mover we should all be looking for is an effective N3 exception.
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Re: re: Yet more N3 guff..

Post by WaltzCee »

MrVibrating wrote:It only gets controversial when we put the two together and the latter reverses the former - the inescapable result being Newton's 3rd law can be sidestepped.
sure. Side step away. Keep us posted.
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Post by Grimer »

MrVibrating wrote:
Grimer wrote:
MrVibrating wrote:Pendulums: use them as reaction mass, and they swing up to some apex, then turn around and come right back at you.

Useless for a linearly-accelerated mass, because you end up flying away from the pendulum. One shot deal.

But not if we're accelerating a vertical wheel, sharing the same axle as the pendulum.
...
What about using the earth as a reaction mass and don't share the same axis?
Not sure i follow - certainly you can push off from the earth, but only the once.. you can't take it with you to keep pushing against later on..
...
I was thinking in terms of angular momentum, not linear momentum - of transferring half of the angular momentum of the pendulum to the earth and retaining half for a wheel.
Last edited by Grimer on Tue Dec 22, 2015 7:12 am, edited 1 time in total.
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re: Yet more N3 guff..

Post by WaltzCee »

.
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Post by MrVibrating »

Minor update:

After much procrastinating, trying to work out in advance why it can't work, last night i simmed the third input, and a gain indeed arises...

The first impulse added 55 Joules to the system; The two masses began stationary relative to each other, a high torque was applied briefly, and system energy was increased by 55 J.

The second impulse was applied under the same conditions - masses stationary relative to each other, same force * time, same energy increase of 55 J, bringing the net up to 110 J.

So it would seem reasonable to expect a third identical impulse to also add another 55 J, bringing the total up to 3 * 55 = 165 J.

But instead it rises by around 70 J... around 15 J excess.

I'll post another sim of it later, but it basically just picks up where the last one ended - inputting the same force * time at the next moment of relative stasis.

Rather than assuming success, the more prudent thing to do to is to assume some kind of crass error - grarbage in, garbage out, probably.. The obvious weakness here is that i've applied the input as force * time, which is not a conserved energy term. So i can only infer that the input was limited to 55 J each time, after the fact. Hence, now that the net KE has risen by an additional 15 J, the same rationale should be applied - if the third impulse did additional work, then it must've drawn additional energy.

So i need to re-design the experiement in such a way that the input energy per cycle can be determined, and limited, with certainty before its work is performed. F * T impulses are too ambiguous. I need an on-board store of PE...
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Post by MrVibrating »

Had a little session with this config last night, and noticed there is a condition that allows input energy to be regulated:

- initially the config is static, so an impulse is applied, and 55 J is divided equally between both masses

- when the pendulum swings back to BDC again, both masses are at the same speed, so another impulse is applied

- thereafter, every occassion the masses are static relative to one another, but at peak speed relative to the external frame, another impulse is applied


I repeated this ten times, and the input energy did indeed increase linearly... but that's all that happened; after 10 inputs of 55 J the system had 550 J of KE.

So, there was no squaring up of KE from the external frame.

Not sure where i've slipped up yet, but for a start there's only the one reference frame being used so far. Perhaps i need to add another...


The system ticks some key checkboxes for an N3 break:

- reaction mass freely returns to the accelerated mass, so net system momentum increases

- alternatively, all of the system momentum & KE can be put into either mass, with the other remaining stationary

- additionally, a second impulse can also brake the entire system back to stationary

This last feature seems particularly important for a candidate N3 break, since it is an energy asymmetry; it takes the same 55 J of further input work to mutually decelerate the masses, as to mutually accelerate them in the first place. So the system has recieved 2 * 55 J = 110 J, all of which was spent performing work against the inertias of the two masses.

110 J in, but zero energy on either mass, means we've broken symmetry, destroying energy from the classical perspective.

This energy hasn't been dissipated to heat - losses aren't even being included in the theory or sim, and the sim is conservative to an accuracy of 7 decimal places. Rather, the second input workload simply undid the first - we effectively did 55 J of work, then another 55 J of anti-work, cancelling it out again. All 110 J was spent in exactly the same form and terms, and now it no longer exists! So we could dump any amount of energy into this system without converting any of it to heat...


So as an "effective" N3 break, it does seem pretty effective. Net momentum can be altered, reaction mass can remain stationary, and energy can be destroyed. As such, there's really only one checkbox left unticked...

I need to have a good think about where this system differs from the simpler (albeit impossible) linear scenario.... if we'd've repeated the above 10 inputs to a linear N3 break we'd definitely have gained energy, the maths is very straightfoward. But something about motion around an axis seems to be throwing a spanner in the works. My hunch is that in the linear case, reference frames diverge automatically as net momentum rises, but that i need to make some additional provision for this in a rotary environment.

For now though this seems like exciting progress. We have broken symmetry, both N3 and CoE! And it's not a small energy asymmetry either - we have 110 J in and zero back out! IOW it's maximally & fully asymmetric - it literally could not be more asymmetric.

All that remains is to reverse its sign...
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Post by MrVibrating »

OK here's something funky:

If the wheel mass is raised tenfold, we basically have a 10:1 division of KE - keeping the impulse the same puts 2.76 J of KE on the wheel, and 27.6 J on the pendulum bob.

As before, the wheel accelerates clockwise, and the pendulum anticlockwise towards the right. There, it reaches its apex and begins its descent... and as it does so, it briefly matches the wheel velocity again; at this point, with the two masses stationary relative to each other, a rigid joint is applied, locking them together.

The pendulum is then allowed to continue its descent, now dragging the wheel around with it, and so further accelerating it.

When the pendulum returns to BDC, the energies have been inverted! The wheel now has the 27.6 J, and the pendulum has the 2.76 J!

The net result is a closed interaction between two masses in a 10:1 ratio, culminating in a complete reversal in the normal distribution of KE - the 100 kg mass has ten times the KE of the 10 kg mass.

In your face mister so-called Newton... :P
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Post by Grimer »

Grimer wrote:
MrVibrating wrote:
Grimer wrote: What about using the earth as a reaction mass and don't share the same axis?
Not sure i follow - certainly you can push off from the earth, but only the once.. you can't take it with you to keep pushing against later on..
...
I was thinking in terms of angular momentum, not linear momentum - of transferring half of the angular momentum of the pendulum to the earth and retaining half for a wheel.
I think we are both headed in the same direction. :-)
See WaltzCee's thread from this point onwards;
http://www.besslerwheel.com/forum/viewt ... 432#139432
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Post by MrVibrating »

Similar elements, yes, but my focus is on overcoming the constraints of Newton's 3rd law - basically breaking the symmetry of equal and opposite momenta.

That's the foundation upon which the resulting energy asymmetry depends.

Per e-Orbo - we can't avoid eliciting equal opposite reactions, but we do have a degree of flexibility in what we do with them thereafter...
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Post by MrVibrating »

Wondering if there might be an easier way to destroy energy, an intersting thought arose:

Consider two equal masses flying apart with equal velocity. They're connected by a slack cable. When the slack's taken up, the masses mutually decelerate each other.

Assuming perfect elasticity (no losses) does the system then oscillate indefinitely, or come to a complete halt?

I was unsure so i simmed it, and sure enough we get a complete halt.

So this simple system also destroys energy... and momentum.

It began with equal masses in equal opposite motions. So it definitely had energy, and momentum.

But then again, they were always equal and opposite. So we could equally say that the system had zero net energy and momentum from the outset.

But the masses were moving, so there WAS energy and momentum there. But then it destroyed itself.

Both MV and KE were so perfectly and equitably conserved, that they were ultimately not conserved at all.

They conserved themselves right out of existence.

That'll explain it.

So anyway, that's yet another interesting property we can chalk up to scissorjacks - they can destroy momentum and KE... Using symmetry to break symmetry.
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Re: re: Yet more N3 guff..

Post by WaltzCee »

WaltzCee wrote:. . .

<edit> opps, that's the shot where I took it to 100K.

I then took it to 1 million iterations a seg. Holy cow. You'd never believe me when I told
you what I saw. </edit>
This simulation was a variable density wheel. Nothing novel. I can't find the discussion,
however I know others have talked about the matter on this board long before I attempted it


Image

I called it the batshit crazy wheel. I was going to build it but I feared for my life.

The line coming up to .06 seconds looks flat but it wasn't. When the velocity spiked to
70,000,000 degrees per second, that flattened the line out. I think I messed up on the
math. 70,000K/360 = 194,444 rev per second, then multiplied by 60 =

11,666,667 rpm

This g-force calculator:
http://www.endmemo.com/bio/grpm.php
with r=1.905cm
and rpm = 11,666,667

computes a g-force of
2,898,829,260.4252

You can understand why I was fearing for my life.

Connecting masses on opposite sides of the wheel help negate c.f.
Little moldy bread crumb for some food for thought.
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Re: Yet more N3 guff..

Post by MrVibrating »

Grimer wrote:
MrVibrating wrote:Pendulums: use them as reaction mass, and they swing up to some apex, then turn around and come right back at you.

Useless for a linearly-accelerated mass, because you end up flying away from the pendulum. One shot deal.

But not if we're accelerating a vertical wheel, sharing the same axle as the pendulum.
...
What about using the earth as a reaction mass and don't share the same axis?
Yes, that would be a very good configuration on many important counts, and shows you've been thinking carefully about the core issues..


Specifically, in an OU system, angular momentum has to be applied relative to the rotating system itself - the wheel / axis must be the FoR of the input workload, not the external coordinate space (planet / horizon / vertical gravity vector etc.), relative to which the speed and thus energy cost of further accelerations is rising.

Furthermore, mechanical OU's only possible with an effective N3 violation; N3's obviously inviolable due to mass constancy and C, so counter-torques or counter-momentum must be getting earthed, somehow..


Do note however that it is insufficient merely to eliminate counter-torques / counter-momenta without also anchoring the FoR of the input workload to that of the rotating system axis; a simple demonstration shows why:

• consider feeding balls onto a vertical wheel by hand; you drop them onto the top of the wheel at 12 o' clock TDC, then they ride around down to 6 o' clock BDC, fall off and roll away; none are picked up again..

• ..so there's no negative torques or momentum losses from re-lifting the balls; it's just an endless series of GPE outputs, with no inputs

• obviously, despite this, the system still isn't OU; because each successive ball drop adds less momentum than the previous one; because gravity's a time-constant ambient acceleration but RPM's are increasing, and thus G-time per cycle is decreasing..


So the fundamental constraint on OU here is that gravity doesn't rotate with the system.

This means an OU wheel cannot be sourcing its momentum exclusively from passive gravitation / overbalance; there has to be an additional internal cause of momentum increase, an effective reactionless acceleration / rise in momentum sans counter-momentum, over and above the momentum gained from over-balancing.. because the amount of momentum you can raise from OB'ing is inherently RPM-dependent; at twice the RPM you spend half as much time gravitating, so gain half as much momentum per cycle, ultimately tracking ½mV² / unity.

A pendulum that oscillates internally, relative to the wheel rather than the world outside, would always undergo the same relative angular displacements per cycle, invariant of RPM, hence momentum sourced from such a motion could in principle be constant per cycle across a range of RPM, and thus inherently OU.

Again, always good to put some real numbers on things, so here's a taste of how that could pan out, using just two formulas; the one for angular momentum (MoI * RPM) and rotational KE (½ MoI * RPM² or just '½Iw²'):


• a net system MoI of 10 kg-m², accelerated to 10 rad/s by a series of 10 equal 1 rad/s accelerations, all applied relative to the rotating FoR:

• each 1 rad/s acceleration of the 10 kg-m² system MoI costs 5 J, per ½Iw² (half of 10 kg-m² is 5, 1 rad/s squared is 1, and 5 * 1 = 5 J)

• 10 such cycles thus have a net cost of 50 J

• 10 kg-m² @ 10 rad/s has 500 J, per ½Iw² (half of 10 is 5, 10 squared is 100, and 5 * 100 = 500)

• the system thus has 450 J more energy than we've given it (note that we used exactly the same formula to calculate both the input and output energies!)


The linchpin then is; how do we frickin' generate these reactionless momenta?

Sinking counter momentum to gravity suffers the same issue as gaining momentum from OB; that of diminishing G-time with rising RPM.

Using inertial torques / the ice skater effect to cause a drop to slow down, and/or a lift to speed up - 'the G-time asymmetry method' (AKA kiiking) - seems to inevitably involve rising CF with RPM, again tracking ½Iw².

Yet make no mistake, sinking counter-torques / counter-momenta to gravity really is our only hope; there definitely isn't going to be any other options here.. the net momentum of a closed system of masses interacting about a common axis is constant, but if instead it's open to gravity, by definition an ambient constant time-rate of change of momentum, then that's obviously our meal ticket here.. the get-out-of-gaol card for busting N1.. it's no longer strictly a 'closed' system..

'Open', instead, to gravity * time. Specifically, the asymmetry of that integral between lift and drop strokes - something we all mastered as kids, on swings. Gaining momentum from gravity is trivial.

Gaining a constant amount per cycle, invariant of RPM, for a constant energy cost per cycle; that's the tricky part. But that's what causes OU..

So, how to proceed? I'm stuck on the radial-translations-thing i mentioned the other day; a mass that drops radially through the center of the wheel is not also flying downwards in the same way as a mass on the descending side of the wheel.. in other words the RPM of the system isn't necessarily shortening its G-time per cycle..

..whereas any kind of 'orbiting' GPE interaction - whether OB or sinking counter-momentum to gravity or whatever - pits G-time - and thus per-cycle momentum yields - against RPM.

So maybe a weight drops radially thru the center - or perhaps those opposingly-paired diametric weight levers from MT (when coupled to work together they also appear to isolate net G-time per cycle from RPM) - but then what? What is that momentum-from-gravity applied / induced to?

And this is where i've returned to considering internal pendulums - oscillating internal MoI's, rather than co-rotating or counter-rotating ones..

Still, a momentum gain requires somehow circumventing N3; applying torque to an internal axis is going to apply an instantaneous equal counter-momentum to the net system axis. Somehow, we need to sink those to gravity, on one phase of each full swing..

..yet again, we come back to the fact that this sinking of counter-torques / momenta to gravity seems to be inextricably bound to the gravity vector / external FoR! The faster the system spins, the more frantically the internal penduli swing, the less time per swing can be spent exchanging momentum with gravity..!


This seems to be the crux issue, our crucible objective. It is a priori that Bessler's systems were fulfilling this condition.

At its apexes, a pendulum 'stops' twice per cycle; that is, there are two opportunities per cycle when we could apply an input torque at the pendulum's axis, from an internal relative speed of zero, hence working from the bottom of the w² multiplier in the ½Iw² rotKE equation. If all counter-momentum could be sunk to gravity during that stroke, we'd be accelerating the net system for an RPM-invariant (ie. CoE-busting) energy cost..


I just can't quite see how to do it, yet.. there must be some inherent dynamic between internal pendulums in a rotating FoR relative to gravity's constant external vector that allows some degree of decoupling between G-time per cycle and RPM, but what, and how?
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Post by MrVibrating »

..i described that really badly - what i meant to say was that the downwards velocity of the descending side of the wheel system adds to any downwards velocity of a GPE drop on that side... whereas, if a GPE just drops radially thru the mid-center, it's no longer also 'riding the wheel' down, so RPM isn't necessarily adding to its drop speed or eating in to its time-spent-gravitating, if you follow my drift.

Fuck knows how to make use of it - just seems an obvious way to simply 'step out' of the bear-trap of diminishing momentum yields with rising RPM, potentially isolating one from the other. I just can't figure out how to actually apply it yet - specifically, how to convert that vertical linear acceleration into an effectively-reactionless angular acceleration; as elaborated above, simply relying on OB weights for momentum cannot break unity, so there must be some way of converting that linear motion into an angular momentum rise, which at the fundamental level will invariably involve an effective 'up' vs 'down' G-time asymmetry..

We're reverse-engineering OU from first principles. Yes it's handwavy. But laser-focused compared to all the Dan Brown guff..
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